One Step Further From the Grip of Poverty

One Step Further From the Grip of Poverty

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One Step Further From the Grip of Poverty

Valdênia was 15 years old when she taught a little boy in the community to read and write.

“He was 7 and had difficulties learning at school. His mother asked me to help him.”

At that time, Valdênia was in high school, but had no hope to get into a university. Today, three years later, she can see that she was practicing her vocation.

Valdênia studies Pedagogy at one of the most important universities in northeast Brazil, and this opportunity was only possible because she attended a pre-university course supported through a Complementary Intervention offered by Compassion.
Valdênia was one of 47 teenagers who benefited from a scholarship to study at Instituto Coração de Estudante (Heart of Student Institute), a pre-university course created to serve students who couldn’t attend good and effective high schools.
In Brazil, the best universities are federal or state funded. Vacancies are limited, and only the best students, who dedicate hours and hours to study, have the chance to compete for enrollment.
Coming from a poor family who lives in Fortaleza, Valdênia is the first in her family to attend a university. Her mother knows only how to sign her own name; Valdênia’s father taught her and her other siblings to work for the basics in order to survive in life.
For Valdênia’s parents who only completed basic schooling, this is how life was like: to be born, to grow up, to learn the basics to survive, and to work their entire life to earn a living. Getting a better life was meant for other people, not for their family.
But Escola Evangélica Monte Sinai Child Development Center (Evangelical School Mount Sinai) taught Valdênia that it was possible to get a better life, and for it she would need to study hard to achieve. Valdênia kept this in her heart.

“Once, a teacher told to us not to give up on our dreams. She used King David as an example of life. He waited to be king.”

When she got to high school, she tried to find a job to please her parents, but because she was a minor (in Brazil, 18 is the adulthood age) she couldn’t find one, even with her mother pressing her.
The last year of high school, she finally decided to stop looking for a job; she would use her free time to study for university. Her mother didn’t agree with this and warned Valdênia that she had one chance. If she didn’t get into a university, she would have to find a job in the next year and forget about studying.
Valdênia waited anxiously for the start of the pre-university course. During this time, she embarked on studies by herself.

“In order to earn my own money and help my father, not giving more expenses to him, I started tutoring children in the neighborhood.”

Through this initiative, Valdênia began learning how to teach others, and this ability would be important when she got the pre-university course.
The pre-university course she took serves needy adolescents. All its teaching methods are designed to fill the gaps these students had.
In small groups, the students are encouraged to share their knowledge and teach each other. The study is collaborative.
Before the courses begin, the students, who are taught by university students, are subjected to a test to measure their level of learning, then they are separated into peer groups.

“This method was important for me. I had difficulty with chemistry, and I could learn it by studying in small groups. I’m very good in geography, so I could help students who had difficulties with in this subject.”

Compassion supported Valdênia and others buy covering the course’s monthly payment, bus ticket, books and study material for three months, which is the duration of the course. It costs approximately $300 per person for the course.
Taiane was another sponsored child who benefited. Age 18 and attending Pleno Florescer Child Development Center (Full Bloom) since she was 9, she had tried to get into the federal university in 2008, but was unsuccessful as she failed in some essay questions.
When Taiane started pre-university course she was surprised at the method.

“In the beginning it was complicated for me, because we used to sit and just watch the class. But during the course, I realized that this different method is excellent. I had to learn to help the others. So, I learned more than I knew!”

Like Valdênia, Taiane is the first one in her family to attend university. She successfully got into the Federal University as a Library major.

“When I graduate, I’ll open a library in my community to encourage children to read.”

When Valdênia saw her name on the approval list, she couldn’t believe it.

“I asked the monitor to search for my name on the list. I started to jump when he read my name. I was trembling. I got 50 cents (about $0.25) and I went to a cyber cafe. There, I looked for my name on the list again! When I found out, I closed the Web page and opened it again. I did it three times!”

Because of the pre-university course, Valdênia and Taiane are college students and they have taken another important step toward freedom from poverty.


  7 Responses on “One Step Further From the Grip of Poverty”

1. Lisa Miles Says:
   
   May 4th, 2010 at 1:41 pm
   Great post and congratulations to Valdenia and Taiane on their successes!
   I had to look up Pedagogy. It means “the study of being a teacher and the correct use of instructive strategies.” I’d never heard it called that. You learn something new every day.
   
2. Ken M. Says:
   
   May 4th, 2010 at 2:36 pm
   I’m glad for Valdenia’s and Taiane’s success. Thank God that he opened the doors for them and may they have a bright future with their dreams coming true. I pray that my sponsored children from Brazil are successful and the cycle of poverty is broken with them. I pray that they become spiritually grounded and the doors of educational opportunities open wide for them. And may they have the confidence to step through the door. May they apply what they learn with God’s wisdom and use it to bless others. Let’s pray this for all of our sponsored children.
   
3. Lindy Says:
   
   May 4th, 2010 at 4:35 pm
   Oh! This story just makes me smile and rejoice! What a beautiful blessing for these two students, and for those who will be helped and influenced throughout their lives after college!
   
4. Joni Says:
   
   May 4th, 2010 at 10:07 pm
   How exciting! I love it that these girls are being empowered and equipped to impact their generation and perhaps their nation!
   
5. Sara Benson Says:
   
   May 5th, 2010 at 8:39 am
   Thank you for sharing their stroies with us. I am glad that the girls were able to take the extra classes in order to make it into the university.
   In Brazil, are the universities expensive, or does the country give scholarships?
   
6. Vicki Small Says:
   
   May 5th, 2010 at 8:39 am
   I just love such stories, and there are so many of them in Compassion! Big smiles and congratulations for Valdenia’s and Taiane’s success! They and all of the other students are going well beyond the basics; they are doing more than merely surviving. They are thriving and will change their communities!
   
7. Tania Mara Mendes Says:
   
   May 6th, 2010 at 5:49 am
   Hello! I would like to answer Sarah Benson’s question. There are very expensive universities in Brazil. There are also public ones and these are the best, however, it is not to get there. In order to the student starts to attend a college or university there are a very hard test known as “Vestibular”-where the students have to show their knowledge about all the subjects learned in high school. This test is really hard. Most of the students that take good grades had attended a private high school, and it is very expensive (at least the good ones that has the focus in prepare the student to the best universities). It can sound strange but it the reality in Brazil. On the other hand the government has created a special program to give scholarship to poor students, but even so, they have to take a test in order to chose the colleges according to the grades (they have to get good ones in order to go to the best universities and this is not easy).
   I hope you all can understand this. Please, let me know if you got the idea. Thank you!
   Tania Mendes -Program Communications Manager – Compassion Brazil
   
   From: Blog Compassion
   

Nossa viagem à Pentecoste! (Our trip to Pentecoste!)

We arrived to the interior, Pentecoste, with our friend Carol around dusk. In all, it took us about two and a half hours to get there. Immediately we were introduced to Jorge, also known as "mayor" of the interior, who soon became our guide. He was very nice and showed us a school for young children called EPC Ombreira, where we put our duffels and backpacks. The school is right alongside the lake of Pentecoste with an insane number of lush trees. Also, there is a community garden that grows different vegetables like onions, chives, and lettuce, in addition to mad frogs. Soon, after seeing these things, Jorge took us around the neighborhood where we met EVERYONE, no, seriously though. Hence the title of "mayor." Everybody was open to meeting us, taking time out of their day to introduce themselves and put their kickin' it on pause.

Then we dipped and rode on some motocicletas, which was AMAZING. We spent most of the afternoon at a newly built school, where the term "APRENDIZAGEM COOPERATIVA" (Cooperative Learning) is very present. Here students study for the Vestibular together in small groups, for the test is extremely extensive, including numerous aspects of study and thus notoriously difficult. That day they were studying history (some Greek history, specifically) and we bounced amongst different study groups, introducing ourselves, where we are from, and our majors. We talked about the differences in teaching structure between the U.S. and Brazil (lectures vs. collective learning), as well as the process to enter the universities (holistic application process vs. one major exam). It was interesting to hear that they thought our college application process was more intense, while we totally thought the opposite. We also talked about race relations in Brazil, particularly in the context of a college scene. Almost everyone thought that Daniel looked like Barack Obama, including the "mayor!"

So then we dipped again, on motocicletas again to a churrascaria, where we (Jorge, Carol and us) had some bomb ass food: feijão (rice and beans), lots of beef, chicken and pork, some noodles, beer and coke. After totally stuffing ourselves, we dipped to the Forró spot, where we attempted (after many cervejas, of course) to dance to traditional Forró music, consisting of three cute old men playing a banjo, guitar, accordian, and a triangle for some songs. It was LEGIT.

After holding up the bus for 10 minutes, we grabbed our bags from the EPC Ombreira and took a midnight express to the casa da avó (Carol's grandmother's house). We awoke the next morning and had a bomb ass breakfast, thanks to the avó. Carol took us to the first school of PRECE, where we met young students taking an English class. We all sat down and talked about U.S. pop culture, different kinds of movies, music, and artists. Alicia got uncomfortably hit on, really hard, and Badal attempted to imitate Michael Jackson's "Beat It"—both in front of the entire class. For closing, the students all sang "Bring Back My Bonnie To Me," which for whatever reason ends with Bonnie being dead....awkward. Definitely do not remember that part when we were younger!
 

After leaving the school, we went to see their computer lab across the big, dirt road, which is also open to the community. It consists of 11 computers, pretty good internet connection, and a wonderful forró remix of Beyonce's "Halo!" (Didn't see that one coming, huh?) All but one computer, which was donated by the government, were obtained from other sources. After talking a bit in the computer lab, Carol took us to the library (in the same building) where Daniel was reunited with his sixth grade class book, "A More Perfect Union," say WHHHAAATT?! So random. Thank you, Brazil.

We talked to Carol for a while about the school system here: children only do half days (although some are petitioning to change this to full days), homeschooling is illegal, as well as skipping grades! In terms of the university system, we learned that even if you pass the entrance exam, the prices of books for some majors is so expensive, some students cannot choose these majors. In addition, the university does not offer students scholarships or any type of grants before the students arrive there. So, unlike in the U.S. where you know (for the most part) how much you will be expected to contribute, here, it does not work that way. You can petition for scholarships when you arrive at the university but even then, it is not guaranteed that you will receive them. On a final and positive note, PRECE has outstanding statistics of 25% of their students passing the entrance exam to attend the federal universities!

Yea, PRECE is doOOPPE.

Tchau!!

Daniel Badal e Alicia Facada.

Undergrads from the USA visit PRECE

The undergrads Daniel Badal (Psychology – Occidental College) and Alicia Facada (Sociology – Occidental College) have been visiting PRECE since April 6th, 2010. They were introduced to us by SIT Program – School for International Training, which is represented by the NGO World Learning from Brazil.
The objective of the program is to provide students with discussions about Social Justice, Economic Development and Culture.
Since 2007, PRECE has received in average two students per year through this program. They generally spend about five days visiting our Cooperative Popular Schools, interviewing our students; that includes our monitors, facilitators and coordinators.




A pictury with the matriarch of the Andrade family in Cipó:

A poem from summer 2008

Dust on My Feet

 I have the echoes of Ceara in my ears—

Songs of praise and hope lifted to God in her churches

Roosters crowing a responsive reading at dawn

A cacophony of busses, cars, motorbikes and burros

A morning melody of cow and goat bells

Students repeating words strange to their ears

 Loudspeakers reaching out for votes

Shared prayers from a circle of women.

I have the smells of Ceara in my nose –

Of the freshest-squeezed orange juice

Of salty air at the beach

Of diesel fumes from trucks and busses

Of starfruit blossoms promising ripe fruit

I savor new tastes of Ceara as well –

The passionate tang of maracuja

Sweet fruits at breakfast

Lemon birthday cake

The ever present rice and beans

The bread and cup of communion shared with new Christians

 A cup of sugarless tea with a sweet promise

I have visions of Ceara in my memory –

Of people filling the streets day and night

Of family laughing at their meal

The faces of students concentrating

The frailest elderly and beaming children

Cooperative movements for the survival of poor families

And for a better life from higher education.

I feel the touch of Ceara also –

The strong tropical sun and cooling winds

In crowded cars so all can go

In the embrace of generous hugs and snuggling children

In the jarring, jolting motion travelling rain-damaged roads

In the clasp of hands from new-found friends

In the gentle sway of a hammock’s cocoon

In the dripping waters of baptism.

I have the dust of Ceara on my feet –

From the federal university

Passing through the streets of Colonia and Itambe

From gardens in Ombreira

From the dirt floors of a most humble home

From playing ball with boys and girls

I don’t want the dust to wash away

for it reminds me of the love of Ceara that fills my heart –

Arising from shared faith

Nurtured by ideas and dream and worries shared

Tended by patience with poor Portuguese

Enriched by acceptance as a sister

Amazed by overflowing hospitality

Encircled by the love of a gracious, 
generous God who has given this gift.

The dust on my feet goes with me

But a piece of my heart stays behind.

Kitch Shatzer

revkitch@hotmail.com

About education

Manifestation of teachers in Pentecoste.

Last week a group of approximately 70 civil servants, amongst them teachers leaded by SINDSEP (Civil Servants Union of Pentecoste) realized a manifestation in front of the Education Department of Pentecoste. When they arrived in front of the building, they joined each other in a unitone chorus screaming out loud: “Education Secretary, where are you? We got here only to see you!”

After getting into the building, they went upstairs till the Secretary’s office and they made her appear and talk to them. They have only achieved that due to all the noise they made and the pressure of the strong knockings on the door to force her to appear.

That manifestation has been largely discussed almost everywhere in Pentecoste; and one of the places where it has been discussed was in PRECE’s radio show called Student’s Heart Program. Last Monday 2nd Cláudia Melo, the President of SINDSEP, was interviewed and clarified all the doubts concerning the happening. The manifestation caused controversy in Pentecoste: in one hand, the Town Hall accuses the civil servants of riots; on the other hand, the servants affirmed that the Education Department staff is rude and aggressive.

The teachers claim the division of the Fundeb (Maintenance and Development of Basic Education Fund and Enhancement of Education Professionals) money, a new Career Plan and a minimum wage.

And you, what do you think of this political act? Be part of the discussion, post your comments below this article.

Originally written by Edilson Costa – Pentecoste EPC.

Version by Marcelo Moreira

Which are our greatest results?

This last week left many student’s heart from Ceará anxious due to one single reason: the disclosure of the UFC 2010 vestibular final result. After undergoing the second phase of vestibular, many people devoured hurriedly time to have some news. Some pretended they had not even taken the exam and did not check the result, but in fact they’ve hoped for some news, being bad or good, in a sort of clandestine happiness. Others could not even sleep well at night while imagining the impact of the result in their future plans.

Trapped in this kaleidoscope of sensations many students of PRECE have spent their time over the last weeks which preceded the final result of the examination. All of our EPC’s – Cooperative Popular Schools – have had students involved in the whole process (both the first and second phase of the exams). The feeling that portrays that is like a metonymy; not only the ‘vestibulandos’ (as we call the students who undergo vestibular) suffered the tension caused by the super-awaited news, but also did their parents, their siblings and all of their families. They all shared the result direct or indirectly.

Every year, PRECE accommodates students who come from the countryside to Fortaleza in order to take the exams. That implies the involvement of many undergrads who make up the Students Support Team (another PRECE project). They always give full support for lodging, food, counseling and help in shifting the locations of the tests. Not only undergrads offered some help, but many other PRECE friends and College professors. As a matter of fact, several people did really help.

Right after the disclosure of the result, the reactions of many families were quite heterogeneous: there was the student who disappointedly cried, sobbing in the loneliness of her bedroom; the boy who turned a couple of whole nights in ‘alcoholebretion’ with friends; the other guy who over-prayed thanking God for the achieved victory; the young girl who will have to find a job soon because she cannot keep on ‘only studying’; the lad who did not expect to pass the examinations and cried happily due to the unexpected result of his approval; there is the other girl who decided to study hard as soon as she received the news that she hadn’t passed; all the proud facilitators of their pupils good results; the student who will count every single hour till the day he will taste the picturesque ‘feijoada’ and the yellow juice(no one really knows its true flavor) in the University Restaurant every Wednesday; the girl who choked on a piece of sadness, which left her dumbfounded; there was the father who received the news down there in the plantation and his eyes filled with the sun because another of his kids was about to get into university.

Also this week the media took advantage of that and sold many spaces to schools in the dissemination of results. There were several pages in newspapers and magazines presenting pictures of students and their positions in the vestibular ranking. Advertisements on TV prime time, inviting and exciting stickers for the radio. There were so many first places that they even overcame the number of courses the University offers. This is one of those intriguing things.

Many PRECE students passed in the tests. More than 50 students who came from public school and from poor families got into the Federal University. That is a striking result, especially because we all know each other’s life story. These are excellent results, but they are not our greatest results yet. Getting into university does not imply local development, that does not imply necessarily social changes, that does not imply transforming lives. As a matter of fact, those are not our greatest results. What then are our greatest results? The question is very good and there are multiple answers for them. Amongst them, I can point out some: the entry into the university is only a needed crossing, but it needs vector motion. By that I mean the return to local communities and PRECE is what makes all the difference. The involvement, the knowledge exchange and the experience of those who get into university, besides their commitment with many of our more than 20 projects spread about the areas of formal education, economic development, social control and governance is what supports my theory.

I do not mean the vestibular approvals are not important; those who did not pass the exams must be sure that that is just a consequence of the whole process. However, our greatest results might not be measurable. They move unnoticed by many people, but even imperceptible they contribute to the changing of reality in Pentecoste and in many other towns where there is the presence of PRECE. With this work, we are fighting for the construction of a new society, for the construction of the towns we want.

Original version written by Nonato Furtado

Graduated in Pedagogy from Acaraú River valley State University (UVA – Universidade Estadual Vale do Acaraú) and in Languages (Portuguese and Spanish Linguistics and Literature) from Federal University of Ceará – UFC. He is Currently undertaking the Masters Degree course on Linguistics at UFC and works as a Literature and Spanish teacher in UFC extension projects and in private schools of Fortaleza. He constantly writes short stories and chronicles, all of them rooted in poetry.

Version by Marcelo Moreira

APAEB (Association for Sustainable and Joint Development in the Sisal Region) presents: an example of fight against poverty.

An innovative experience – which has been working for 30 years in the town named Valente, Bahia – was presented last January 30th in the Cooperative Popular School of Cipó. APAEB executive director, Mr Ismael Ferreira shared his experience in the use of solidarity economy for the sisal production.

Some illustrious members attended the meeting: the Assistant Secretary of Education, Professor Maurício Holanda; the Principal of the Training School for Political Leaders, Professor Alberto Teixeira; the Coordinator of Territorial Development and Fight Against Rural Poverty, Mr. José Bartolomeu Cavalcante; the General Coordinator of PRECE, Professor Manoel Andrade Neto; the President of ADEL, Mr. Wagner Gomes; the Editor of Northeast Twenty-one Magazine, Mr. Francisco Bezerra; Presidents of associations affiliated to UAVRC (Union of Associations of Canindé River Valley); COAMP (Central of Associative Organizations of Pentecoste); ADEL members, PRECE students and community members.

After Mr. Ismael Ferreira’s projects presentation, a session of round-table talks started. The main point was the discussion on the presented projects and economic, social and political matters concerning the semiarid. The audience also made part in the discussion.

The event ended with the launch of the 6th edition of Northeast Twenty-one Magazine. It contained an 8 pages report on PRECE. Some samples were handed out amongst those present in the meeting.

Downloadable presentation with Power Point pictures about the event:
http://www.4shared.com/file/213936925/f184bd3/20100130_APAEB.html

Check out and download the full digitalized report of Northeast Twenty-one Magazine:
http://www.4shared.com/file/213399232/377a2b41/Revista_Nordeste_Vinte_Um.html

More info about APAEB:
http://www.apaeb.com.br/hp_new/apaeb.html

Version by Marcelo Moreira

Closure activities of the Cooperative Student Project’s second year.

Last December 20th the closure activities in 2009 of the Cooperative Student Project occurred in the DNOCS (Departamento Nacional de Obras Contra as Secas – National Bureau of Works Against Drought) research center auditorium, Pentecoste. The results of the didactic projects results achieved by each subject of the project were shown in the ceremony. Geography, Mathematics, Portuguese and English were the subjects which stood out. Their didactic project presentations were the most dynamic; whereas the other subjects presented their report by facilitators and students speeches. Besides the presentations, the moment was used for the realization of a festivity; students had the chance to develop some fun activities, such as dancing and taking pictures. 100 students, 10 public school teachers (who were engaged to the project since its early beginning) and 12 facilitators (the most common term for ‘teacher’ used at PRECE) made part in the development of the project in 2009.

The Cooperative Student Project is part of PRECE. It was developed in a partnership with some institutions, such as BrazilFoundation and HSBC Solidarity. Its actions benefit public school teachers from Pentecoste so that they can develop training educational activities such as courses, workshops and speeches; all that happens under the scope of cooperative actions. The project provides the teachers with those activities in order to enhance the quality of public schools in Pentecoste.

The focus of the project is also the student and his/her intellectual autonomy. That can be reached by the Cooperative Learning methodology based upon study groups (cells, as they are called in PRECE) and on Project Pedagogy. That stimulates students to act as young protagonists in the classroom, in the whole school and, most importantly, in their communities.

The directly benefited students come from the 6th to the 9th grades in the Elementary School. The project’s main goal is to work in partnership with Public school so that it can become a place that stimulates participation, dialogue and solidarity among all its constituents in the teaching-learning process.

Ana Maria Teixeira Andrade is the coordinator of the project. She studied Languages (Linguistics/Literature) and she is currently undertaking her Masters Degree Course on Literature at UFC (Federal University of Ceará). Most facilitators of the project are undergrads at UFC: Vilamar Moreira, Fellipe dos Santos, Francisco das Chagas (Bill), Hérmeson Silva, Maria da Conceição Mota (Daniele), Maria de Fátima Lopes, Jacilane Bezerra da Silva, Luíza Ravena Araújo Pontes, Ana Cláudia Rodrigues Ferreira, Myllana de Sousa, Philipe Quintiliano, Rejane da Silva, Shirlene Castro, Sonia Maria Holanda and Fábio Júnior. The only facilitator Who has already finished college is Jorge Araújo.

Version by Marcelo Moreira

PRECE celebrates 15th anniversary with many results

Last December 7^th, 2009, exactly at 6 p.m., over a hundred students of PRECE presented their projects and results in the Rectory auditorium of the Federal University of Ceará (UFC) to commemorate 15 years of PRECE. Amongst the 200 hundred people in the place, admirers and cooperators of the program, professors, students, Deans and even the President of the University, Jesualdo Farias, made part in the cheerful event.

The main theme of the evening was: “The contribution of UFC/PRECE to the inclusion and permanence of popular origin students in Higher Education and to the local development of their home communities”. The event started with a brief presentation of the projects developed by PRECE, conducted by its creator and current coordinator of the program in UFC, Professor Manoel Andrade Neto – Department of Organic Chemistry/UFC. Right after that, the audience had the chance to hear fantastic life stories told by members of PRECE who felt grateful sharing their experiences and the importance of the program to their lives with the fervorous audience. José Noberto Sousa Bezerra – Doctorate student in the Department of Chemistry/UFC and one the seven first students of PRECE – was the first to head up to the stage and fill the people’s hearts up with enthusiasm. He was soon followed by Carlos Roberto de Sousa Gomes – Bachelor’s degree in Agronomy/UFC and one of the seven first as well. Maraíza Alves Teixeira – Pharmacy student – was not one of the seven first, but she did really have a lot to say about the importance of PRECE in all of our lives. Last but no least we had Maria Liana Santiago – Librarianship freshman - and her touching story.

After all the speeches, a section of round-table talks was conducted by Professor Manoel Andrade and was constituted by the President Jesualdo Farias, the Dean of Graduate Studies Professor Custódio Luis Almeida, the Dean of Students Affairs Professor Clarisse Ferreira, the Dean of Extension Professor Salvador da Rocha, and the Coordinator of the Center for Community Psychology Professor Verônica Ximenes.

The participants of the round-table talks emphasized the importance of PRECE. The statement of the Dean of graduate studies, Custódio Almeida, called special attention; he affirmed the creation of a UAB-Universidade Aberta do Brasil Center (it basically works like the Open University) in Pentecoste. He declared that he has been working hard in order to overcome the main obstacle to the creation of the center: the proximity of an existing center which is less than 100km (about 40 miles) from Pentecoste. One of the criteria for the creation of a center states that the centers must have more than that distance from each other. The Dean of Extension, Salvador da Rocha, also shared peculiar statements with the audience; he presented the proposal to turn the extension activities undertaken by University students (such as the activities undergraduate students perform in PRECE with the help of the University) into credits in the curriculum, as if they have taken a subject and then acquired credits for that. The President Jesualdo Farias pointed out the importance of programs like PRECE and that he will also help with the creation of a University Center in Pentecoste.

That event was one part of the celebration which commemorates 15 years of PRECE. The celebrations started last November 21th with an event in the local community called Minguá (in Pentecoste), stared by the undergraduate students who came from that region and representatives from all the Cooperative Popular Schools (EPC’s – Escolas Populares Cooperativas) of Pentecoste.

Version by Marcelo Moreira